Revitalizing The Eyes: A Comprehensive Review Of Tarpana Therapy In Ayurveda

Abstract

Background Netra Roga (ocular diseases) are increasingly prevalent due to digital strain, pollution, aging, and systemic disorders. Ayurveda offers specialized therapies for ocular rejuvenation, among which Tarpana holds significant importance. Tarpana is a unique Netra Kriyakalpa involving the retention of medicated Ghrita over the eyes for a specific duration, aiming to nourish, strengthen, and revitalize ocular structures. Its relevance is emphasized in classical texts such as Ashtanga Hridaya, Sushruta Samhita, and Sharngadhara Samhita.

Aim To compile and critically analyze classical, contemporary, and clinical evidence on Tarpana therapy for the revitalization and management of various eye disorders.

Objectives To explore the classical references, indications, and Ayurvedic principles of Tarpana therapy to review the types of Tarpana and their therapeutic indications to evaluate its pharmacological rationale and clinical outcomes

Materials and Methods A comprehensive literature review was undertaken using Brihat Trayi, Laghu Trayi, and allied classical texts. PubMed, Google Scholar, and AYUSH Research Portal were searched for peer-reviewed articles related to Tarpana therapy. Inclusion criteria comprised classical textual descriptions, clinical studies, case reports, and review papers published in English and Sanskrit. Analysis focused on mechanism of action, indications, contraindications, and observed efficacy.

Results Tarpana is chiefly indicated in Vata-Pitta predominant Netra Roga, degenerative eye conditions, computer vision syndrome, and dry eye disease Classical Ghritas like Mahatraphala Ghrita, Jivantyadi Ghrita, and Saptamrita Ghrita show significant nourishing, Rasayana, and anti-inflammatory properties Clinical studies demonstrate improved tear film stability, visual acuity, and subjective comfort in chronic eye strain and Abhishyanda Adverse effects are minimal when performed with proper indications, sterile preparation, and post-care protocols

Conclusion Tarpana is a time-tested Ayurvedic ocular therapy that offers holistic rejuvenation of the eyes. It possesses potential in preventing and managing degenerative and lifestyle-induced eye disorders. Integration of Tarpana with modern diagnostics can establish its role in integrative ophthalmology and preventive eye care.