Real-Time Iot and AI Systems for Monitoring Food Freshness in Supply Chains

Abstract

Ensuring the freshness of food products throughout the supply chain remains a critical concern in the modern food industry. With increasing globalization and complex logistics, real-time monitoring systems integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have emerged as promising solutions. These systems enable continuous tracking of environmental parameters, predictive analytics, and automated decision-making, thus helping reduce spoilage, improve traceability, and ensure food safety. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on recent developments in real-time IoT and AI systems for monitoring food freshness across the supply chain. The review highlights key technologies, application domains, research findings, and existing challenges. It further identifies the research gaps and outlines the methodological approaches for future studies. This review aims to provide a consolidated reference for researchers and practitioners interested in deploying intelligent and real-time food monitoring systems.