Synthesis and Characterization of Nucleoside Analogues Derived from Glycine and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity

Abstract

The synthesis, description, and assessment of the antioxidant activity of new nucleoside analogues produced from glycine are the main objectives of this work. In order to create nucleoside analogues, a multi-step synthetic process was used, starting with the synthesis of Schiff bases from aromatic aldehydes and aniline, followed by cyclization with glycine, fructose protection and bromination, and finally glycosylation. Nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H and ¹³C NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) were used to describe and confirm the structures of the produced compounds. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging experiment was used to evaluate the compounds' antioxidant capability at different doses (10–100 µg/mL). The antioxidant activity of compounds (10) and (11) was significant (up to 81.25%), compound (9) was moderate, and compounds (12–14) were weak at lower concentrations but more effective at higher concentrations. These results support the potential use of glycine-based nucleoside analogues in oxidative stress-related medicinal applications and demonstrate their promising antioxidant qualities.