Exploring the Bioactivity of Alpinia Calcarata: Ethanolic Rhizome Extract-Based Pharmacological Studies

Abstract

The present study investigates the pharmacological potential of the ethanolic extract of Alpinia calcarata rhizome, a traditional Ayurvedic herb, focusing on its anti-asthmatic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids. The anti-asthmatic effect was assessed using animal models including histamine-induced bronchospasm and acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, while anti-inflammatory potential was tested using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. The extract showed significant bronchodilation, free radical scavenging activity, and inhibition of inflammation in a dose-dependent manner. These findings support the traditional use of Alpinia calcarata and suggest its potential as a natural therapeutic agent in asthma and inflammation management.