Recent Trends In Neuroanaesthesia- A Review.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64252/ae312781Keywords:
Neuroanesthesia, Neuroanesthesiology, Ketamine, Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA),Opioid-free anesthesia, Awake craniotomy, Intraoperative neuromonitoring, Neuronavigation, Artificial intelligence in anesthesia, Stroke intervention.Abstract
Background: Neuroanesthesia has evolved significantly, driven by advancements in pharmacological agents, monitoring technologies, and surgical techniques. These developments aim to enhance patient safety, optimize cerebral hemodynamics, and improve postoperative outcomes in neurosurgical procedures.
Objective: To review recent trends in neuroanesthesia, highlighting their applications, benefits, and challenges in improving perioperative care for neurosurgical patients.
Methods: A narrative synthesis of current literature was conducted, focusing on key trends in neuroanesthesia. Relevant studies were identified through PubMed and other medical databases, emphasizing innovations in Neuro anesthesia, monitoring techniques, and the roleof Artificial Intelligence in Neuroanesthesia, published between 2010 and 2025, found 21 articles, and 14 of them were chosen for this review since they were relevant to the issue of recent progress in Neuroanesthesia.
Results: Eight major trends were identified: (1) The resurgence of ketamine for its neuroprotective properties and hemodynamic stability in traumatic brain injury and stroke; (2) Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol and remifentanil, preferred for minimal cerebral disruption and neuromonitoring compatibility; (3) Opioid-free anesthesia using dexmedetomidine to reduce opioid-related complications; (4) Awake craniotomies and spine surgeries for real-time neurological assessment; (5) Advanced intraoperative neuromonitoring (e.g., EEG, motor evoked potentials) to enhance surgical safety; (6) Neuronavigation and minimally invasive techniques for precise interventions; (7) Artificial intelligence for predictive analytics and personalized anesthesia; and (8) Extended therapeutic windows for stroke interventions, enabling treatment up to 24 hours post-onset. These trends improve precision, reduce morbidity, and support enhanced recovery protocols.
Conclusion: Recent trends in neuroanesthesia reflect a shift toward precision medicine, leveraging technology and pharmacology to optimize cerebral function and patient outcomes. Continued research and implementation will further refine these approaches, addressing challenges such as cost, training, and accessibility.
