Women-Related Discrimination At The Workplace In India: A Critical Analysis

Abstract

Workplace discrimination against women in India remains a persistent issue, affecting their professional growth, economic independence, and overall well-being. This study critically examines various forms of gender discrimination, including the gender pay gap, occupational segregation, lack of leadership opportunities, workplace harassment, and biases in hiring and promotion. Using a social work perspective, the analysis explores the structural and systemic barriers that hinder gender equality in the workforce. Social work principles emphasize empowerment, advocacy, and social justice, making them crucial in addressing workplace discrimination. Social workers play a pivotal role in policy advocacy, legal awareness, corporate sensitization, and psychosocial support to create inclusive and equitable workplaces. The study highlights key determinants of discrimination, such as cultural norms, patriarchal mindsets, inadequate policy enforcement, and lack of awareness among women regarding their rights. The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013, and the Equal Remuneration Act, 1976, serve as legal frameworks, yet their weak implementation limits their effectiveness.

This paper proposes solutions through social work interventions, including capacity-building programs, gender sensitivity training, workplace advocacy, and grievance redressal mechanisms. Additionally, it underscores the need for corporate responsibility, inclusive HR policies, flexible work arrangements, and leadership development programs to promote gender equity. The study also discusses the psychosocial consequences of workplace discrimination, such as stress, anxiety, and career stagnation, and the role of social workers in providing counseling and mental health support.