Green Synthesis And Chracterization Silver Nanao Particales From Cleome Felina And Its Anti Microbial Properties

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered considerable interest due to their antibacterial capabilities. This research examines the eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing Cleome felina (Cleomaceae) leaf extract, which serves as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis of AgNPs was validated by a colour shift and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD, and zeta potential analysis. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed a peak at 302 nm, indicating nanoparticle production, whereas FTIR detected functional groups important for stabilization. SEM and TEM investigations demonstrated primarily spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 15 nm, while XRD validated their crystalline structure.

The antibacterial efficacy of AgNPs produced from C. felina was assessed against the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The nanoparticles demonstrated dose-dependent antibacterial activity, with the highest inhibition recorded against E. coli (14 mm) and P. aeruginosa (14 mm). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) analyses validated their bacteriostatic efficacy. Furthermore, antifungal efficacy was evaluated against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, demonstrating modest inhibition relative to fluconazole, with maximum inhibition zones of 13 mm and 8 mm, respectively. These findings underscore the promise of Cleome felina-derived AgNPs as an environmentally sustainable antibacterial agent, especially against Gram-negative bacteria. Additional research is required to investigate their clinical applications and improve stability.