Elobixibat And Its Effects On NAFLD (Fatty Liver) – A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background and Objectives- With few pharmaceutical therapies, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a major global health concern. Elobixibat has shown potential in modulating bile acid metabolism, which may influence hepatic fat accumulation and metabolic parameters. Elobixibat's safety and effectiveness in treating NAFLD patients are assessed in this systematic review.

Methods- A thorough search of the literature was done for studies published between 2015 and 2023 using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies assessing Elobixibat in NAFLD were included. A PRISMA flow diagram guided study selection. Key outcomes included hepatic steatosis reduction, liver enzyme improvement, and metabolic parameter changes.

Results- 72 studies were identified, of which 6 studies met inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 50 to 250 participants, with study durations between 8 weeks and 12 months. Primary outcomes included hepatic fat reduction (12–25%), significant ALT and AST reductions (mean ALT decrease: 15–30 IU/L, AST: 10–25 IU/L), and improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR reduction of 15–25%). Metabolic improvements included a 25–50 mg/dL reduction in triglycerides (TG) and a 15–40 mg/dL decrease in LDL cholesterol. Bile acid metabolism was positively influenced, with an increase in fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) levels by 28–45%. Adverse events were generally mild, with diarrhea (10–20%) and abdominal discomfort (8–15%) being the most commonly reported side effects. Conclusion- Elobixibat demonstrates promise as a potential therapeutic option for NAFLD, contributing to hepatic fat reduction, liver function improvement, and metabolic benefits. However, larger long-term RCTs are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.