Comparative Analysis Of EDM And Micro-EDM Fabricating Titanium By ESDM

Abstract

Titanium (Ti) is a widely studied metal oxide material known for its outstanding chemical stability, non-toxicity, and excellent optical and photocatalytic properties. Due to these advantageous characteristics, Ti has found extensive applications in various fields, such as photocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells, self-cleaning coatings, air and water purification, and even biomedical devices. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of nanotechnology, nanoscale Ti has demonstrated significantly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency attributed to its high specific surface area and quantum confinement effects. These nanoscale features enable more active surface sites and increased reaction rates, making Ti an ideal candidate for precision applications. This study focuses on investigating the machinability of Ti using two distinct techniques: conventional Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) and Micro Electrical Discharge Machining (mEDM). By conducting a comparative analysis of these two processes, key machining parameters—such as material removal rate, surface roughness, and electrode wear—were systematically evaluated. Experimental results reveal that micro-EDM offers better control over nanoparticle dispersion, improved processing stability, and enhanced surface quality in micro-scale applications. Conversely, conventional EDM exhibits better scalability, consistent particle morphology, and simplified process setup. The insights gained from this research provide valuable guidance for selecting suitable EDM-based processing methods when fabricating microstructured or nanostructured Ti components, particularly for high-precision or functional surface applications. This comparison contributes to the broader understanding of advanced material processing and highlights the potential of micro-EDM in future nano/micro-fabrication technologies.