Design And Characterization Of Metal–Organic Framework Supported Nanocatalysts For Enhanced Co₂ Hydrogenation Efficiency

Abstract

The catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to value‑added chemicals offers a promising route to carbon recycling and greenhouse‑gas mitigation. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as some of the most programmable supports and pursuers of nanometal catalysts that enables them to be dispersed uniformly, to be porous, and to have diverse interactions at the interface. The types of nano catalysts that have been designed based on MOF systems, synthesized and characterized are discussed and outlined in this paper and the way these systems are utilized to enhance CO₂ hydrogenation efficiency. We refer to selections of MOF architecture, the ways of integrating metal nanoparticles, catalyst activation and stability throughout hydrogenation. The characteristics of catalysts are used to compare the features of catalysts against the performance of the catalyst in hydrogenation (activity, selectivity, stability). Such problems as thermal degradation of MOFs and/or hydrothermal degradation of MOFs, sintering of metals, and scale-up are eliminated. And finally, we present construction suggestions and future trends on the direction of the industrially stable and high-throughput CO₂ hydrogenation over MOF-supported nano catalysts.