Dynamical Modeling of Forest Depletion under Population and Socio-Economic Pressures for Environmental Sustainability

Abstract

Forest resources, which are essential for biodiversity conservation, climate regulation and ecosystem stability facing severe threats from human activities like population increase, industrialization and socioeconomic pressures. This research work presents a novel nonlinear dynamical model consisting of six coupled differential equations for analyzing the depletion and conservation of forest resources. The model takes into account several control variables including forest biomass, human population, industrial development, reforestation efforts, forest fires and socio-economic pressure. Stability analysis theory is used to analyze the dynamical system of the model. The ODE45 function in MATLAB is used to perform the numerical solutions and simulation of the system. The results are displayed using graphs and biologically interpretated. The depletion of forest resources is observed as result of growing population density and related pressure. However, by limiting socio-economic pressure, man-made fire, significant plantation, optimal industrial development and utilizing technology, forest can be preserved.