Seismic Performance Enhancement Of Steel Structures Using Viscous Damper

Abstract

This study explores the seismic performance enhancement of steel structures through the application of Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVDs), focusing on their impact on reducing displacement, story drift, and improving overall structural stiffness. Steel structures, which are widely used in modern construction due to their durability and ductility, are highly vulnerable to seismic forces, often resulting in excessive displacements, story drift, and potential structural failure during earthquakes. FVDs, as a passive energy dissipation system, help mitigate these effects by converting seismic energy into heat, thus reducing the amplitude of vibrations. The research examines the efficiency of various damper configurations in symmetric and unsymmetric steel frame buildings of different heights (10, 15, and 20 story), subjected to seismic loading conditions in both X and Y directions. Four damper placement schemes—No Damper, all story Dampers, Alternate Floor Dampers, and Top, Middle, Bottom Dampers—were analyzed using Response Spectrum Analysis as per IS 1893:2016 seismic design codes. The study finds that the introduction of FVDs significantly reduces displacement and drift, with the most noticeable improvements occurring in taller buildings. Among the configurations, the "All Story Dampers" strategy proved to be the most effective in mitigating seismic response, reducing displacements by 40% to 70%. However, considering cost efficiency, the "Top, Middle, Bottom Dampers" configuration was found to offer a balanced solution, providing adequate seismic mitigation while reducing costs. The results indicate that all damper configurations kept the seismic response within the permissible limits set by the IS code, ensuring both seismic safety and stability. The findings emphasize that FVDs, particularly with selective placement strategies, are an effective, cost-efficient solution for enhancing the seismic resilience of steel buildings. The research provides valuable insights for both the design and retrofitting of steel structures in earthquake-prone regions.