Design And Implementation Of A Perturb And Observe MPPT-Based Solar Charge Controller For Electric Vehicles

Abstract

An improved Perturb and Observe (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm implemented in a solar charge controller designed specifically for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. The proposed system enhances the conventional P&O method by introducing adaptive step-size adjustment to minimize steady-state oscillations and improve dynamic response under rapidly changing irradiance conditions. A high-efficiency DC-DC converter is integrated with the MPPT unit to facilitate stable and fast battery charging. Simulation results under various irradiance levels (1000 W/m², 600 W/m², and 300 W/m²) validate the superior performance of the proposed method in maintaining maximum power extraction and consistent charging profiles. Experimental parameters, such as charging current, battery voltage, and power efficiency, demonstrate notable improvements over conventional techniques. The system shows promising potential for sustainable, autonomous EV charging using solar energy.