A Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Structured Teaching Programme On Knowledge Regarding Prevention Of Cerebrovascular Accident Among The Hypertensive Patient Admitted At Selected Hospital Of Vadodara, Gujarat

Abstract

introduction:- A Cerebrovascular Accident is a serious life-threatening medical condition that occurs when a blood supplying artery becomes suddenly blocked and starts to bleed. Due to rupture of blood vessels and blockage in the pathways there is restriction of blood and oxygen in reaching the brain’s tissues and leads to brain death.[2] CVA is the abrupt damage of brain cells because of less supply of oxygen to the brain which is mainly caused by either tearing or stoppage of artery. It is also known as “Stroke''. In this, the person looses certain functioning of the body part due to disturbances in supply of blood to a brain. It has three types mainly – blockage in the artery, tearing of blood vessels and acute loss of focal cerebral to function[5]

Objectives:-  The objectives of the study were to evaluate the pretest level of knowledge  and to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme and to find an association between pretest level of knowledge of hypertensive patient on knowledge regarding prevention of cerebrovascular accident and selected demographic variables.

Materials And Methods:- This study utilized a quantitative research approach with a one-group pre-test post-test design to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on  knowledge regarding prevention of cerebrovascular accidents among hypertensive patients. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was employed to select 100 hypertensive patients in Parul Sevashram Hospital, Vadodara ,Gujarat. Sociodemographic data and knowledge were assessed using a self-structured questionnaire.

Results: The pre-test and post-test study finding reveals  that  that in the pre-test  93%  received a Poor knowledge, and 7% had an Average  knowledge  participants and 0%  has Good Knowledge  whereas in post-test  2%  received a Poor knowledge, and 26% had an Average knowledge participants and 72 %  has Good Knowledge .regarding prevention of cerebrovascular accident among hypertensive patients. The effectivenss of  structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of cerebrovascular accident among hypertensive patients was tested by t-test. Mean post-test knowledge score 21.86 was higher than mean pre-test knowledge score  7.43 with a standard deviation of 1.903 ,while the post-test means increased significantly to 21.86 with a standard deviation of 4.456 (t value= 32.156, df= 99, p=0.0001) and was found highly significant at p<0.05 level. Findings indicate that structured teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge regarding  prevention of cerebrovascular accident among hypertensive patients. Additionally the variables analyzed, only ‘Monthly Income’ showed a statistically significant association with knowledge scores , other demographic factors, including age, gender, type of family, marital status, diet, occupation, education, personal habits, family history of hypertension, and prior information about cerebrovascular accidents, did not exhibit significant associations with knowledge scores, as their p-values exceeded the 0.05 threshold.

Conclusions: The study finding shows that the structured teaching programme was                  successful in improving the hypertensive patients knowledge regarding prevention of cerebrovascular accident. Hence, ‘Monthly Income’ showed a statistically significant association with knowledge scores , other demographic factors, including age, gender, type of family, marital status, diet, occupation, education, personal habits, family history of hypertension, and prior information about cerebrovascular accidents, did not exhibit significant associations with knowledge scores.

Ethical approval: The research was completed with appropriate research guidelines, the study was proposed and submitted to the ethical committee, Parul University Institutional Ethical Committee for Human Research (PUIECHR/PIMSR/00/081734/7514), Limda, Vadodara, and expert of the committee approved the study.