High Efficiency, Low Emissions And High Power: Iot Based Biomass Stove Fueled By Corn Cob And Coconut Shell For Sustainable Renewable Energy

Abstract

The scarcity and high cost of LPG gas in rural areas, and the accumulation of rice husk waste that is not managed properly, the use of uncontrolled fossil energy has caused researchers to utilize agricultural waste to be processed into fuel integrated with the Internet of Thing (IoT). The research aims to test the efficiency and gasification of IoT-based biomass stoves with fuel variations in the form of rice husks, sawdust, corn cobs and coconut shells. The research was conducted at the Physics Laboratory of PGRI Silampari University from Jan to August 2025. The type of experimental quantitative research focused on gasification tests, thermal efficiency tests, stove power, emission tests and IoT connectivity. The experiment was carried out in three repetitions of boiling water to 100oC and analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results showed that coconut shells provided very high power in a short time of 4 minutes and the lowest emissions related to CO and NO exhaust gases, although the energy conversion was relatively less efficient. In contrast, corn cobs showed a balanced combination of 8 minutes of combustion time producing the largest heat of 282,315 kJ. Corn cobs have very maximum energy efficiency and low emissions. The IoT system connectivity also performed well with 98.6% uptime, indicating the real-time monitoring system is reliable under various conditions. To expand the impact and sustainability of this innovation, an Arduino-integrated biomass stove was developed to monitor temperature and emission removal. This research provides a sustainable alternative solution that is environmentally friendly to overcome the scarcity of expensive LPG gas stoves and supports the Indonesian government's program of environmentally friendly renewable energy.