A Qualitative Study To Identify The Challenges Of Drug Noncompliance Among TB Patients From Selected Urban Areas Of Pune City

Abstract

Introduction: The patient's refusal or inability to follow medical professional instructions on TB medications.  Non-adherence to anti-TB medicine has emerged as one of the key obstacles to TB control. It is the primary cause of TB treatment program failures, which leads to high death rates, more TB treatment outcomes that are unsatisfactory, including the spread of TB in the community, continuous infectiousness, expensive TB therapy requirements, and MDRTB cases.

Aims of the Study: to identify the challenges of drug noncompliance among TB patients from selected urban areas of Pune city.

Methodology: This qualitative study used a descriptive observational design to explore the challenges of drug non-compliance among tuberculosis (TB) patients in selected urban areas of Pune City. A purposive sample of 10 TB patients undergoing treatment was selected. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview guide Thematic analysis was conducted to identify key patterns and insights from participant narratives.

Results: The findings highlighted multiple interrelated factors contributing to drug non-compliance. Initial neglect of symptoms and reliance on self-medication delayed diagnosis and treatment. Emotional responses such as fear, anxiety, and depression were common post-diagnosis. Patients reported challenges such as side effects, long treatment duration, and tablet burden, which led to inconsistent medication intake and, in some cases, premature discontinuation. Non-adherence resulted in relapse and risk of drug resistance. Socioeconomic pressures, job obligations, and healthcare access issues further impacted treatment continuity.

Conclusion: The study underscores the need for improved counselling, better patient education, emotional support, and potential adjustments in treatment protocols to enhance adherence and outcomes for TB patients.