Design And Implementation Of An Improved Battery Charger For Two- Wheeler Electric Vehicle

Abstract

This research presents the design, development, and hardware implementation of an improved battery charger system for electric two-wheelers (E2Ws), aimed at reducing charging time and enhancing energy efficiency. Traditional charging methods, especially the Constant Current–Constant Voltage (CC-CV) approach, though widely used, exhibit prolonged charging durations and thermal inefficiencies. To address these limitations, a novel fast-charging method is proposed that incorporates variable C-rate control while eliminating the constant voltage phase. The system utilizes real-time feedback from current, voltage, temperature, and State of Charge (SOC) sensors, managed by a microcontroller to ensure safe and optimal charging. MATLAB simulations and experimental hardware results confirm the superior performance of the improved method. It achieves faster charging, with 18% SOC reached in 600 seconds compared to 10% in 954 seconds using the CC-CV method. Full charging is accomplished in 1 hour 10 minutes, significantly quicker than the 1 hour 50 minutes required by the conventional system. Hardware implementation includes components such as a boost converter, EMI filter, PFC circuit, and LCD interface for real-time monitoring. The improved charger ensures voltage regulation, efficient thermal management, and protection against overcharging. The outcome demonstrates a robust, scalable solution for future EV infrastructure, addressing the growing demand for fast, efficient, and reliable battery charging systems for electric mobility.