Extraction Phytochemical Screening And Isolation Of Compound From Gardenia Resinifera Hydroalcoholic Extract

Abstract

The present study was carried out to explore the phytochemical profile and isolate bioactive compounds from the hydroalcoholic extract of Gardenia resinifera Roth. Extraction was performed using a hydroalcoholic solvent system to maximize the yield of both polar and non-polar phytoconstituents. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. For isolation, thin layer chromatography (TLC) was initially optimized to identify a suitable solvent system, followed by column chromatography using silica gel as the stationary phase and toluene:ethyl acetate (7.5:2.5) as the mobile phase. Fractions 55–63 exhibited characteristic color reactions in phytochemical tests and distinct UV fluorescence, suggesting the presence of terpenoid-based constituents. Spectroscopic characterization, including UV, FTIR, ¹H-NMR, and ESI-MS, confirmed the structure of the isolated compound as a pentacyclic terpenoid derivative with the molecular formula C₃₀H₅₀O and λmax at 535 nm. These findings highlight Gardenia resinifera as a rich source of bioactive terpenoids, supporting its traditional medicinal applications and providing a foundation for further pharmacological investigation.