Knowledge And Prevalence Of Non-Communicable Diseases And Risk Factors Among Primary School Teachers In Vadodara

Abstract

Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death globally, with increasing prevalence in India due to lifestyle and behavioral risk factors. Assessing the prevalence and knowledge of NCDs among primary school teachers in Vadodara is crucial, as teachers play a key role in promoting health awareness in the community.

Aim: This study aims to assess the prevalence and knowledge of Non-Communicable Diseases and their risk factors among primary school teachers in Vadodara. Additionally, it seeks to examine the association between knowledge levels and socio-demographic variables.

Methodology: The study used a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design to assess the prevalence and knowledge of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) among 200 primary school teachers from urban and rural areas in a district of Uttar Pradesh, selected via stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a structured self-administered questionnaire covering socio-demographics, NCD prevalence, and knowledge of risk factors. A pilot study ensured the tool’s clarity and reliability. Ethical approval was obtained, and participants gave informed consent with assurances of confidentiality. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests using SPSS to explore associations between knowledge and demographic variables.

Results: The study included 200 primary school teachers, mostly aged 31–40 years (35.5%) with a balanced gender ratio. Nearly half held an M.Ed., had 5–10 years of experience, worked in government schools, and lived in urban areas. Common NCDs were asthma/COPD (22%), diabetes (21%), and obesity (17.5%). About half had regular health checkups, but only 15.5% monitored blood pressure or sugar regularly. Over half were advised to change lifestyle, and 41% exercised daily. Tobacco and alcohol use were reported by 62% and 54%, respectively, while 68% slept less than 7 hours. Knowledge levels were mostly average (52.5%), with a mean score of 17.38. Only area of residence was significantly associated with knowledge, with urban teachers having better awareness.

Conclusion: The study revealed a moderate prevalence of NCDs and average knowledge levels among primary school teachers, with significant knowledge differences only by area of residence. Urban teachers showed better awareness, highlighting the need for targeted health education in rural areas.