Shrimp Cultivation In The Era Of Climate Change: Integrating Environment, Technology, Market Access, And Management To Support Sustainability And Achieve The Sdgs In Lampung Province

Abstract

Shrimp aquaculture is one of Indonesia’s most important export-oriented sectors but faces major sustainability challenges, particularly in coastal regions such as South Lampung. This study analyzes the factors influencing sustainability by examining the roles of environment, technology, market access, and the mediating effect of management. Using a sample of 100 shrimp farmers, data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results reveal that environmental quality significantly affects sustainability (β = 0.42; t = 5.87; p = 0.000) and is amplified through management (total effect = 0.57). Technology shows the strongest effect (β = 0.46; t = 6.12; p = 0.000; total effect = 0.62) by improving water efficiency and resilience to disease. Market access also contributes significantly (β = 0.37; t = 5.21; p = 0.000; total effect = 0.50), especially when linked to exporter partnerships and compliance with global standards. Management emerges as a critical mediator (β = 0.38; t = 6.02; p = 0.000), transforming ecological, technological, and market resources into sustainable outcomes. These findings highlight that sustainability in shrimp aquaculture is not only dependent on natural and technological resources but also on how farmers organize, monitor, and adapt their management practices. The study provides practical implications for climate change adaptation, international trade compliance, and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 6 (Clean Water), SDG 12 (Responsible Production), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 14 (Life Below Water). Strengthening adaptive management in South Lampung is therefore essential to ensure global competitiveness and long-term sustainability of shrimp aquaculture.