Study Of Breast Carcinoma On The Basis Of Molecular Classification And Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women globally. Molecular classification based on immunohistochemistry markers i.e. ER, PR, HER2 has become an essential tool in guiding treatment strategies and predicting outcomes.

Aim & Objective: To diagnose and classify breast cancer cases on the basis of immunohistochemistry markers and correlate them with clinicopathological features.

Materials & Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study included patients diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent either modified radical mastectomy or wide excision. Specimens were processed as per standard histopathology protocol and histopathological diagnosis was given. IHC staining for ER, PR and HER2 were done with molecular classification of these cases.

Observation & Results: 148 cases of breast carcinoma were studied. The most frequently affected age group was 40–49 years, most cases had IBC-NST, Luminal A subtype was the most prevalent. Intermediate tumor sizes were frequently observed. Higher percentage of Grade 3 tumors in all molecular subtypes was noted. The trend of increasing tumor necrosis from Luminal A to Basal-like subtypes was noted.

CONCLUSIONS: Molecular subtypes exhibited variable patterns with respect to age, tumor size, nodal status and provides valuable prognostic and therapeutic insights beyond conventional histopathology.