FACTORS AFFECTING BLOOD GLUCOSE CONTROL AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS: QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is one of the world's most critical health issues. The IDF estimates that the prevalence of T2DM among adults will rise from 9.3% in 2019 to 10.2% by 2030. This signifies an increase in the number of individuals with T2DM from 463 million in 2019 to 578 million in 2030. Globally, medical expenses related to diabetes are projected to reach USD 727 billion.

This study aims to understand patients' experiences with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the factors that affect blood glucose levels.

Method: A phenomenological research design was conducted at the Al-Najaf Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology from August 25, 2024, to March 2, 2025. The sample consisted of 11 participants. This qualitative study involved individual semi-structured interviews guided by open-ended questions.

Results: The thematic analysis resulted in the identification of six main themes and 26 subthemes. The findings indicate that the majority of participants reported physical, psychological, and social factors affecting their condition.

Conclusion: The most frequent source of elevated blood glucose levels identified in the study is a diet high in carbohydrates.