Assessment Of Knowledge, Perceptions, And Clinical Practices Regarding Molar-Incisor Hypomineralisation Among Saudi Dental Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The increasing incidence and clinical importance of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH), a developmental enamel deficiency, make it an important issue in dentistry that is acknowledged as a worldwide public health concern. Although MIH is becoming more well known around the world, very little is known about how Saudi dentistry practitioners understand and use this concept.

Aim: This survey is needed to find out what dentists know about MIH, how they feel about it, and their clinical experiences with it.

Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2024 via a structured online questionnaire distributed via professional forums and social media platforms. The survey assessed sociodemographic information, MIH-related knowledge, clinical experience, and management strategies. A modified knowledge score (KS) model was applied. The data were analysed via descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and Kruskal–Wallis tests to identify intergroup differences.

Results: Out of 257 respondents, 24 were pediatric dentists, 130 were general dental practitioners, and 103 were other dental specialists. While 89.5% of all participants and 100% of paediatric dentist correctly identified MIH as a developmental anomaly, knowledge scores were generally lower than international benchmarks. Significant differences were found in clinical experience and treatment approaches across groups. Fluoride varnish was the most commonly used preventive measure (64.2%), whereas composite resin and glass ionomer cement were the predominant restorative materials. Dental professionals preferred prefabricated crowns, whereas general dental practitioner and other dental specialist were more reliant on composite restorations.

Conclusion:  This study highlights a substantial gap in MIH-related education among Saudi dental professionals, especially those outside of pediatric dentistry. Enhancing training through curriculum changes and continued professional development leads to early diagnosis, better treatment, and improved patient outcomes. A coordinated, multidisciplinary approach is recommended to address MIH as a pressing oral health issue in Saudi Arabia.