A Comprehensive Literature Review Regarding the Molecular Characterization of Silicate-Solubilizing Bacterial Isolates from the Sugarcane Rhizosphere and Their Impact on the Yield And Nutrient Absorption of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus).

Abstract

Because people are worried about the environment and the need for food security is growing, we need to find ways to farm that are good for the environment. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), particularly silicate solubilizing bacteria (SSB), have emerged as appealing alternatives to chemical fertilizers. This comprehensive literature review examines the molecular characterization techniques, identification methods, and agricultural applications of silicate-solubilizing bacteria isolated from the sugarcane rhizosphere, with a specific focus on their potential impact on watermelon growth. The review synthesizes findings from 50 peer-reviewed studies that include molecular identification methods like 16S rRNA gene sequencing, API identification systems, and phylogenetic analysis, alongside assessments of mechanisms for promoting plant growth, stress tolerance, and improving crop yield. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Rhizobium are the three main types of bacteria that can be found. These bacteria can break down silicate, live in salt, and help plants grow in many ways, like making IAA, breaking down phosphate, and keeping pests in check. The review underscores the integration of molecular characterization with agricultural biotechnology applications, thereby laying the groundwork for sustainable crop production systems. This survey improves our understanding of how plants and microbes interact in agricultural ecosystems and helps the development of microbial inoculants that can boost crop yields and protect the environment.