Examining Job Satisfaction Among Employees from Perspectives of Work Delegation, Work-Life Balance and Reward & Recognition in Klang Valley

Abstract

Job satisfaction plays a crucial role in employee motivation, performance, and retention, making it a key area of focus for organizations aiming to enhance workforce productivity. This study examines the relationship between job satisfaction and three fundamental workplace dimensions: work delegation, work-life balance, and reward & recognition among employees in Klang Valley. The study aims to determine the relationship between work delegation and job satisfaction, assess the impact of work-life balance on job satisfaction, evaluate the influence of reward & recognition on job satisfaction, and identify which factor has the greatest effect on overall job satisfaction. A quantitative research approach was employed, using an online structured questionnaire to collect data from 654 employees across multiple sectors in Klang Valley. The data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis to identify the significance and strength of relationships between the independent variables and job satisfaction. The results indicate that reward & recognition is the most significant predictor of job satisfaction, underscoring the importance of structured reward programs both financial and non-financial in enhancing employee motivation and commitment. Work delegation also emerges as a strong influencer of job satisfaction, particularly when tasks are assigned fairly and equitably, reinforcing the concept of task justice, where clarity, autonomy, and managerial support in delegation contribute to higher satisfaction levels. Work-life balance, though comparatively less influential, still plays a vital role in job satisfaction, as employees value flexible working arrangements, support for personal commitments, and workplace well-being initiatives that help mitigate stress and improve overall job engagement. This study provides empirical insights into key determinants of job satisfaction within Klang Valley’s workforce and offers practical recommendations for organizations and HR professionals to enhance employee well-being. By implementing fair and transparent delegation practices, robust reward & recognition programs, and supportive work-life balance policies, organizations can foster a more motivated and satisfied workforce. Future research could incorporate qualitative methodologies to explore employees' lived experiences in greater depth or adopt a longitudinal approach to examine the long-term effects of these factors on job satisfaction over time.