Histopathological Spectrum Of Nephrectomy Specimens In A Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Nephrectomy is a standard treatment for many neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathology of kidney. The histopathological study of nephrectomy specimens confirms the clinical suspicion and also throws light on many unsuspected pathologies as well. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathogical spectrum of variousneoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions of nephrectomy specimens received at our tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective study done in the Department of Pathology of   Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute - RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital where nephrectomy specimens were analyzed with respect to gross and microscopic findings in-between January 2022 to July 2024.

Result: During the study period 35 nephrectomy specimens were received.  Majority specimens received were of right side kidney accounting to 20(57.1%) cases and remaining were on left side 15cases (42.9%). Out of 35 nephrectomy specimens 22 nephrectomy specimens had a non-neoplastic pathology with chronic pyelonephritis being the most common non-neoplastic pathology. 13 were neoplastic and all were diagnosed malignant, where clear cell renal cell carcinoma was the most commonly encountered malignancy.

Conclusion: Nephrectomy is the standard surgical procedure for addressing both neoplastic kidney lesions and non-functioning kidneys. It is essential to subject every nephrectomy specimen to detailed histopathological examination for clinicopathological correlation, which is crucial for effective patient management.