Allelic Discrimination of Vitamin D Gene Polymorphism in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64252/ga810a60Keywords:
Vitamin D, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Complications, Body Mass Index (BMI), Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism.Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the loss of insulin-secreting pancreatic cells due to immune system dysregulation, resulting in insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia.
Aim: identify the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency with T1DM and evaluate the allelic discrimination of vit d gene polymorphism in children with diabetes type 1.
Method: The study included 192 participants, 96 patients of them with T1DM and 96 healthy participants. Data collection and genotyping involved collecting peripheral blood samples to assess the biochemical and hematological parameters. Molecular analysis for the VDR gene using RT-PCR was conducted as well.
Results: The study found a significant disparity in vitamin D levels between the control and diabetes cohorts. The control group had a mean vitamin D level of 39.14 ± 9.781, while the diabetes group had a lower level of 21.93 ± 8.222. (P-value 0.0001). Gender also played a role in ocular problems, with males having a higher prevalence than females (p-value 0.031). Elevated body mass index (BMI) was found to be a significant risk factor for ocular, neurological, diabetic nephropathy, and cardiovascular problems (P-value 0.001, 0.003) respectively. The rs7975232 gene had a very major link with nephropathy; however, no significant correlations were identified for ophthalmic, cardiac, or neurological disorders. The rs2228570 gene variations exhibit notable associations with particular diabetic problems, such as ocular difficulties, nephropathy, and cardiac issues. Eye complications exhibited no significant correlation with the rs2228570 polymorphism, although the TT genotype was the most prevalent among those with eye complications.
Conclusion: The rs2228570 gene variants are linked to specific diabetic issues like ocular difficulties, nephropathy, and cardiac problems. Eye complications have no significant correlation with the rs2228570 polymorphism, but the TT genotype is more prevalent among those with eye complications.
