Interactive Digital Botanical Keys: A Scalable QR Code Based Platform for Plant Identification and Experiential Taxonomy Pedagogy in Academic Campus Ecosystems

Abstract

Academic campuses offer ideal environments for biodiversity literacy, yet traditional methods often underutilize on-site plant diversity. This study details the design, deployment, and evaluation of a QR code-based botanical information system at college campus. Using object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD), we conducted semi-structured interviews and a systematic tree inventory to document taxonomy, provenance, and ecological roles. Each plant received a peer-reviewed, mobile-optimized profile, validated via authoritative digital repositories. QR codes were algorithmically generated with high-density matrices and medium error correction, customized with institutional branding, and printed on ultra-durable vinyl panels (7×7 cm), affixed at standard heights. Mixed-methods field testing showed high scan reliability (>95%), content accuracy, and strong user satisfaction (Likert ≥ 4.2). Participants reported increased engagement with flora and real-time access to scientific data, turning passive observation into active learning. As digital botanical keys, the platform complements resources like Plants of the World Online, IPNI, and Pl@ntNet, enhancing accessibility for non-specialists and promoting inclusive, informal pedagogy. Aligned with Sustainable Development Goals and national education policies, this low-cost, scalable model transforms campus greenery into a dynamic educational asset. Future directions include assessing long-term knowledge retention and integrating augmented reality and citizen-science tools.