Islamic Adaptive Transformational Leadership (IATL): A Contextual Leadership Model for the Internationalization of Muhammadiyah Higher Education Institutions

Abstract

This article introduces the concept of Islamic Adaptive Transformational Leadership (IATL) as a contextual leadership model grounded in Islamic values and organizational culture within Muhammadiyah Higher Education Institutions (PTM). Triggered by empirical findings revealing the non-significant statistical effect of conventional Transformational Leadership on internationalization outcomes, IATL emerges as a theoretical alternative that aligns leadership practices with the principles of collective deliberation (musyawarah), collegiality, and value-based governance rooted in Muhammadiyah's identity. This study not only contributes to contextual leadership theory but also addresses the theoretical-practical gap in leading faith-based institutions toward global competitiveness.