Synthesis, Characterization: Novel Nano Copolymer-Amoxicillin Drug Composite as a Potential Treatment of Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7): Molecular Docking and Biological Activity

Abstract

In this study, a novel nano copolymer–amoxicillin drug composite was synthesized and evaluated for its potential anticancer activity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The nano copolymer was prepared through a polycondensation reaction involving glycerol (2 mol) and phthalic anhydride (4 mol), and its structure was confirmed using FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The functionalization of the copolymer with amoxicillin (1 mol) yielded a nano drug composite, which was similarly characterized by spectroscopic methods. Molecular docking analysis was conducted to investigate the interaction between the drug composite and key breast cancer-related proteins, revealing favorable binding interactions that suggest a potential mechanism of therapeutic action. In vitro cytotoxicity assays against MCF-7 cells demonstrated significant anticancer activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 55.09 µg/mL. These findings highlight the potential of the synthesized nano drug composite as a promising candidate for targeted breast cancer therapy.