In Vitro and in Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Leaves of Cucumis Melo Linn. And Claytonia Perfoliata Donn Ex Willd

Abstract

The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of leaves of Cucumis melo Linn. and Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd., two traditionally used medicinal plants. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of both plants were prepared and subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, which revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenolics, saponins, and glycosides, compounds well known for their anti-inflammatory potential. The in vitro activity was assessed using HRBC method, while in vivo studies were carried out in Wistar albino rats employing carrageenan-induced paw edema. Both extracts exhibited significant inhibition of protein denaturation and stabilization of red blood cell membranes in vitro, with ethanolic extracts demonstrating higher activity. In vivo results revealed dose-dependent inhibition of acute and chronic inflammatory responses, comparable to the standard drug diclofenac. The findings suggest that the leaves of Cucumis melo and Claytonia perfoliata possess promising anti-inflammatory properties, validating their ethnomedicinal use and providing a scientific basis for further exploration as potential natural alternatives for the management of inflammatory disorders.