From Tradition To Innovation: Developing Goat Weed (Bangtitan ) Infused Topical Ointment For Wound

Abstract

This study investigated the development of a goat weed (Ageratum conyzoides, locally known as bangtitan)-infused topical ointment for wound care, rooted in indigenous medical practices. Specifically, it aimed to: (1) formulate three ointment treatments; (2) assess their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; and (3) evaluate the color and texture of the best formulation through sensory analysis. Ethnobotanical insights guided the formulation process, and phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of wound-healing compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Laboratory testing revealed that Treatment 1 had the highest antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 16.33 mm and 16.00 mm against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. Treatment 3 scored best in texture and spreadability during organoleptic evaluation. The findings emphasize the therapeutic potential of A. conyzoides and validate the effectiveness of integrating indigenous knowledge with scientific formulation methods for community-based, low-cost healthcare solutions.