Formulation And Evaluation of Antiacne Facial Scrub and Its Action on “Cutibacterium Acne” by Using Different Concentration Of Salicylic Acid

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition that goes beyond just breakouts—it can significantly impact a person’s quality of life. One of the key players in its development is Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), a type of bacteria that lives deep within the skin’s hair follicles. Recent research shows that C. acnes forms biofilms—protective layers that allow it to survive longer and resist treatment. This biofilm formation is now considered a major reason why the bacteria persist in the skin and become resistant to many antibiotics used to treat acne. As a result, people dealing with acne often not only struggle with physical symptoms like inflammation and discomfort but also with emotional and social challenges that affect their overall well-being.

Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate a herbal face scrub incorporating salicylic acid and natural ingredients, aimed at providing effective exfoliation with minimal side effects.

Methods: Three different face scrub formulations were prepared using varying concentrations of salicylic acid. Each formulation included herbal components known for their skin-friendly and cleansing properties. The scrubs were developed to promote the removal of dead skin cells, excess oil, and impurities from the skin surface. The formulations were evaluated for their physical properties (such as texture, color, and spreadability), pH, grittiness, and stability to determine their overall effectiveness and suitability for topical application.

Results: The face scrub prepared in the laboratory closely resembled commercially available scrubs in several key aspects. It was evaluated based on a range of characteristics, including its color, consistency, pH, scent, ease of spreading, viscosity, and how easily it could be washed off. Other important factors like skin irritation potential, texture (grittiness), and ability to produce foam were also assessed. Overall, the results suggested that the lab-made scrub offered comparable quality and performance.

Conclusion: The formulated herbal face scrubs, containing salicylic acid as an effective antimicrobial agent, showed desirable cosmetic properties and were comparable to commercial products. Their natural composition and potential in the treatment of acne vulgaris make them a safe and effective skincare option.