Assessing The Environmental Impact Of The Construction Industry: Insights For Environmental Science And Sustainable Development

Abstract

The construction industry plays a vital role in economic development but is also a significant contributor to global environmental degradation. This study assesses the environmental impact of construction activities and key drivers for the adoption with a focus on their implications for environmental science and sustainable development. Key environmental concerns associated with the industry include high energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, land use changes, water and air pollution, and extensive waste generation. Using a combination of literature review and case-based analysis, this research identifies major sources of environmental harm across the construction lifecycle—from material extraction and manufacturing to building operations and demolition. The study employs Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodologies to quantify impacts and highlights the role of sustainable construction materials and green building technologies in mitigating environmental damage. Findings suggest that early design decisions, material choices, and regulatory frameworks significantly influence a project’s ecological footprint. Furthermore, the research aligns its analysis with relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those addressing climate action, sustainable cities, and responsible resource use. The study concludes with policy recommendations aimed at promoting environmentally responsible construction practices and supporting the transition to a more sustainable built environment. This work contributes to the broader discourse on integrating sustainability principles into construction and urban development planning.