Influence Of Demographic Factors On Awareness Of Thyroid And Hypertension Management Among Pregnant Women

Abstract

Background:Thyroid dysfunction and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy significantly contribute to maternal and fetal morbidity. Early awareness and preventive strategies can reduce complications, yet awareness levels may be influenced by sociodemographic factors.

Objectives:To examine the relationship between pregnant women’s awareness of thyroid and hypertension management and selected demographic variables.

Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 pregnant women attending antenatal care at selected hospitals in Delhi and Noida. Data were collected using a structured, validated questionnaire with two sections: demographic profile and knowledge-based awareness questions. Descriptive statistics summarized the data, and chi-square tests were used to assess associations between demographic variables and knowledge levels.

Results:Out of 200 participants, 51% had moderate knowledge, 30% had high knowledge, and 19% had low knowledge. Education level (χ² = 22.17, p = 0.005) and family history of hypertension (χ² = 6.52, p = 0.038) showed statistically significant associations with knowledge levels. Other variables such as age, parity, income, and residence were not significantly associated.

Conclusion:Education and family health history play crucial roles in shaping awareness among pregnant women regarding thyroid and hypertension. Targeted health education interventions should be integrated into antenatal care, particularly for women with lower education levels or no family history of related conditions.