Cultural Dietary Practices During Menarche Among Women In South India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Menarche, the first menstrual period, signifies the onset of reproductive maturity in adolescent girls, usually between 10-16 years. Globally, a declining trend in the age at menarche has been observed, attributed to factors like nutrition, BMI and physical activity. In southern India, menarche is not only a biological milestone but also a culturally significant event marked by distinctive rituals and dietary practices believed to influence long-term reproductive health. The study aimed to explore cultural dietary practices during menarche among women in South India and perceived benefits of these practices. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 women (15-49 years) through random sampling, using a structured questionnaire. 98% belonged to the urban area with majority from upper-income, nuclear families and had completed higher education. 90% followed cultural rituals (sleeping separately, avoiding religious places, using separate utensils). All women followed some dietary practices and most consumed food groups included cereals, pulses, ghee, fenugreek seeds, edible gum and jaggery. 38% avoided combinations of sour and non-vegetarian foods and 36% consumed herbal remedies like fenugreek seeds water. 78% followed these practices for 1-2 weeks and 82% continued following them due to perceived benefits like reduced cramps and improved back strength. Traditional menarche-related practices remain prevalent in south India, driven by cultural beliefs. These may contribute to menstrual and reproductive well-being throughout a women’s life, ensuring healthier offspring.