Cyberbullying And Gender: An Analysis Of Legal Protections For Women On Social Media

Abstract

Digital platforms, while promoting equal self-expression, have become spaces for exclusionary and violent behaviours, especially against women and girls. Though both genders can face cyber violence, women are more frequently targeted and suffer greater consequences, including physical, psychological, sexual, or economic harm. Cyber violence against women and girls (CVAWG) is often dismissed as trivial, but it stems from deeply ingrained gender inequality. This form of gender-based violence, perpetuated through digital platforms, reflects broader societal issues, where women’s safety and dignity continue to be at risk. Cyberbullying, particularly on social media platforms, has emerged as a critical issue in the digital age, disproportionately affecting women. Gender-based cyberbullying often includes threats of violence, sexual harassment, doxxing, and body shaming, which not only undermine women's mental well-being but also deter their participation in online spaces. Despite the severity of the issue, legal protections for women in the digital sphere remain fragmented and inconsistent across jurisdictions.

This paper analyses the intersection of gender and cyberbullying, concentrating on the unique forms of harassment faced by women online and the legal frameworks in place to protect them.The study evaluates the effectiveness of laws like India's Information Technology Act, 2000, and international frameworks such as the EU's GDPR in addressing cyberbullying. It explores the role of social media companies in regulating harmful content, highlighting enforcement gaps and challenges in holding offenders accountable. By analyzing case law, the paper assesses the adequacy of legal protections and recommends reforms. The researcher concludes that while progress has been made, stronger, gender-sensitive policies and proactive actions by social media platforms are necessary to ensure safer digital spaces for women.