Comprehensive Analysis of Raw Faecal Sludge Samples: A Two-Year Investigation at Bhongir FSTP, Telangana", India

Abstract

This study investigates the characterization of faecal sludge samples collected over two years from Bhongir (17.49° N, 78.91° E), FSTP, Telangana, India has a capacity to treat 15 KLD of faecal sludge and began operations in 2020, analyzing them every two months. The research focuses on evaluating the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the raw faecal sludge, with a particular emphasis on its potential use as a fertilizer. The study explores the variability in sludge composition due to factors such as local diets and sanitation practices and assesses the effectiveness of geotube technology in pathogen reduction, nutrient retention, and agronomic value. The findings aim to contribute to the development of sustainable, cost-effective faecal sludge management (FSM) solutions for rural India.

The key findings of the study are:

• Variability in Sludge Composition: Faecal sludge characteristics varied significantly depending on local diets, sanitation methods, and water use.
• Nutrient Potential: Treated sludge showed significant levels of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, making it a potential fertilizer.
• Pathogen Presence: High levels of pathogens, including E. coli and helminths, were found, indicating a need for effective treatment.
• Geotube Effectiveness: Geotube technology demonstrated promise in reducing sludge volume and pathogen levels, making it suitable for rural applications.
• Agricultural Benefits: Field trials indicated that treated sludge could improve crop yields and soil health, provided strict safety protocols are followed.