Review On Thermal Management Of Catalytic Converter In Hybrid Vehicles

Abstract

The catalytic converter is a fundamental constituent of emission control systems that reduces the pollution caused by the internal combustion engine of an automobile by reducing harmful engine exhaust gases through oxidation and reduction reactions. The biggest challenge, however, is the situation encountered during the initial start-up of an engine. The catalytic converter has not warmed up yet, so it cannot reduce emissions during the period when the emissions are at their highest levels.

In hybrid vehicles, a critical issue is the irregular operation of the engine and the resulting frequent cooling cycles. Research has been conducted on both the existing and the newest kinetic theories of heat transfer on thermal management of catalytic converters. Passive thermal insulation materials were examined, along with active heating techniques such as electrical preheating systems. Other techniques which employ phase change materials are also considered as potential thermal batteries.

This review attempts to outline what we consider plausible gaps of research and trends of technology to aid in forming the construction for efficient thermal regulation of catalytic systems for automotive vehicles.