Impact Of Increased Awareness On Legal And Social Action Against Gender-Based Violence In Contemporary Indian Society

Abstract

This abstract explores the repercussions of heightened awareness regarding gender-based violence on legal and social actions within contemporary Indian society.[1] Gender-based violence (GBV) remains a pervasive social issue in India, rooted in systemic inequalities, patriarchal norms, and deeply embedded cultural traditions. In recent years, heightened awareness campaigns, judicial activism, and legislative reforms have collectively contributed to shifting public discourse and legal frameworks regarding GBV. It investigates the historical and socio-cultural contexts that perpetuate such violence, while also examining the role of media in normalizing attitudes (Ghai, 2024[2]; Reji, 2024)[3]. This paper explores how increased societal awareness driven by media, civil society, and educational initiatives has impacted legal responses and social action against GBV in contemporary Indian society. The study further assesses the efficacy of current legal frameworks and social initiatives in addressing gender-based violence, highlighting challenges in implementation and access to justice (Nanda et al., 2019)[4] (Kang’ethe, 2014)[5]. The study highlights key developments, such as the criminalization of acid attacks, anti-stalking laws, and progressive judicial decisions in cases like Nirbhaya (2012)[6], Shakti Vahini v. Union of India (2018)[7], and Joseph Shine v. Union of India (2019)[8], which underscore the judiciary’s evolving sensitivity towards gender justice. The research also considers the function of feminist movements and advocacy groups in pushing for legislative changes and societal reforms (Htun & Jensenius, 2019)[9]. It also analyzes the impact of awareness campaigns and educational programs in shifting public perceptions and promoting gender equality (Singh et al., 2016)[10]. It further elucidates the gaps in legal definitions and state responses to various forms of abuse, advocating for a broader interpretation of "economic violence" (Nigam, 2023)[11]. It is important to acknowledge that gender-based violence disproportionately affects women living in poverty, who face difficulties in accessing essential health and legal services (Russo & Pirlott, 2006)[12]. The paper also gives thought to the increasing reports of violence against men, especially as gender roles and power dynamics change, which could have a big impact on society and relationships (Kumar, 2012)[1]. It is crucial to address gender issues because many women face oppression on a daily basis simply because they are women (Lima & Guedes, 2024)[2]. It also evaluates the limitations of awareness in rural and marginalized communities, where cultural taboos and access to justice remain significant barriers. This research adopts a multi-disciplinary approach, combining legal analysis with sociological insights, to assess the tangible outcomes of awareness in reducing violence and transforming public policy. Ultimately, it argues for a sustained, intersectional, and inclusive approach that bridges awareness with actionable reform and holistic societal change.