Relationship between Climate Variables with Vegetation Cover Types and Surface Heat Types in some Iraqi Stations

Abstract

Vegetation cover can be easily measured in the field by assessing the percentage of the ground that is covered by the existing vegetation. Aerial photographs or satellite images can be used for measuring vegetation cover in an extensive area. With time, vegetation cover can change, particularly for annual or perennial deciduous plants. Measuring the amount of vegetation is particularly crucial during the rainy season when soil erosion happens. In this work, the data of the European Center for Mediums-ranges Weathers Forecasts (ECMWF) was Low vegetation cover (LVC), High vegetation cover (HVC), Sensible heat (SH), and Latent heat (LH). Also. The research purpose was to find the relationship between LVC and HVC in the stations (Diyala, Mosul, and Arbil) for the period 2008-2022. The work was carried out with monthly and yearly mean data. It was found that there is an increase in low vegetation cover through the study period and this is due to Opinion and farmers' follow-up of low vegetation cover (for crops), and a decrease in high cloud cover through the study period this is due to the high temperatures and other weather factors such as the lack of rain. Also, the low cover has a heating effect on the weather, while the high cover has a cooling effect during the study period.