Histological Evaluation Of The Stomach In Individuals With Gastric Ulcers And Its Impact On Liver Function

Abstract

Gastric ulcer is one of the most common and serious gastrointestinal diseases, occurring as a result of increased secretion of hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin in the stomach. Infection with Helicobacter pylori is considered one of the most common causes of gastric ulcer. Excessive use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is the second most common cause. Studies have shown that the prevalence of gastric ulcers increases with age, and smoking has been found to increase the risk of developing gastric ulcers.

This study aims: Evaluation of histological changes in the stomach of individuals with gastric ulcer and some biochemical variables.

Materials and working methods: This study was conducted on gastric ulcers patients, aged between 20-70 years. Sample collection took place from September 19,2024 to February 22,2025, during which 90 blood samples were collected. The samples were divided into two groups: The first group included 60 blood samples from individuals diagnosed with gastric ulcer, confirmed by a specialist physician using gastrointestinal endoscopy. The second group consisted of 30 blood samples from healthy individuals (Control group). For both groups, levels of interleukin-37, total white blood cells, neutrophils, monocyte, lymphocyte, and liver enzyme were measured.

Results: The results of the study showed a significant increase in the level of interleukin-37 in individuals with gastric ulcers compared to the control group at a significance level of P≤0.05. The study also revealed significant differences in the levels of monocytes and liver enzymes (ALT, ALP).

However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of total white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, or the AST enzyme.

Conclusion: Our result indicates an increase in the level of IL-37 which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with potent suppressive effect on innate and adaptive immune responses. The result also showed an increased level of monocyte and liver enzyme which may affected by NSAIDs taken by patients. And also showed non-significant differences in levels of WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, or the AST enzyme.