Solvent-Specific Screening Of Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, And Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Tribulus Terrestris, Flaveria Trinervia, And Alternanthera Sessilis For Therapeutic Applications

Abstract

The increasing global incidence of oxidative stress-related diseases, diabetes mellitus, and chronic inflammation has intensified the search for safe, multifunctional therapeutic agents derived from natural sources. This study explores the solvent-specific antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory potential of methanol, chloroform, and acetone extracts of three traditionally used medicinal plants: Tribulus terrestris, Flaveria trinervia, and Alternanthera sessilis. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power assays, while antidiabetic efficacy was determined by in vitro α-amylase inhibition. The methanolic extracts, particularly from Flaveria trinervia, demonstrated the highest bioactivity across all assays, suggesting the presence of potent polar phytoconstituents such as flavonoids and phenolics. Chloroform and acetone extracts showed comparatively moderate to low activities. The results support the therapeutic relevance of these plant species, especially F. trinervia, in managing oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and inflammation. These findings validate their ethnomedicinal use and warrant further investigation toward the development of plant-based interventions for chronic metabolic and inflammatory disorders.