A Comparative Study On Chemotherapy And Targeted Therapy Approaches In Breast Cancer Patients

Abstract

Background:
In women, breast cancer is a very common cancer, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where chemotherapy is often used due to its lower upfront cost. However, if we see the impact of the decision in the long term on quality of life (QoL), symptom burden, along with financial stress, is less studied. This research could pave the way for more holistic approaches in cancer care that prioritize both physical health and quality of life.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study done at tertiary hospitals. In total of 400 breast cancer patients who had completed minimum one cycle of chemotherapy or targeted therapy were included. Quality of Life was assessed using EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR-23 questionnaires. Financial burden and return-to-work status were also recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v26. Chi-square and correlation tests were used. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
Patients on chemotherapy reported significantly higher financial burden (65% vs. 40%) and worse symptom scores across fatigue, pain, nausea, and cognitive function. Global QoL scores were lower in the chemotherapy group (52.3 vs. 68.4). Return-to-work was also lower (28% vs. 46%). Education level showed a positive association with better coping and fewer complaints. These findings highlight the need for targeted support systems for patients undergoing chemotherapy, particularly in addressing their financial and emotional challenges. Enhancing educational resources may empower patients to better manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality.

Conclusion:
Chemotherapy, though more accessible, resulted in poorer quality of life and higher financial distress compared to targeted therapy. In LMICs, where cost drives treatment decisions, this study calls attention to a more patient-centered approach that considers long-term outcomes, not just affordability.