Docosahexaenoic Acid Hydrogels: Advancements And Applications In Ophthalmic Therapeutics

Abstract

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) hydrogels represent a novel innovation in modern ophthalmic treatment for illnesses including dry eye disease (DED) and postoperative complications associated with ocular surgery. Tear Film instability and ocular surface inflammation, associated with discomfort and visual impairment, are the key components of DED. Most often, what is offered as a traditional treatment include tear substitutes, which in many cases do not work at treating the underlying inflammation or provide long term relief. Omega 3 fatty acid DHA, has been found to have anti Inflammatory properties and is essential for ocular health. DHA has been shown in recent studies to have the ability to maintain tear film stability, protect epithelial cell health and thus can be a very supportive and valuable ingredient for adding to hydrogel formulations. In addition to lubrication, these hydrogels deliver DHA directly to the ocular surface to produce the therapeutic effect. Additionally, antioxidant activity of DHA is important to reduce oxidative stress in retinal cells, a situation which could help prevent both age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Using DHA hydrogels for the treatment of DED has been shown to have potential for using this system to decrease postoperative fibrosis after glaucoma filtration surgery. Topical application of DHA has been shown to maintain lower intraocular pressure and foster larger bleb areas than control groups, and this may be one means to increase success with surgical outcomes. Taken as a whole, DHA hydrogels represent a wide spectrum of approaches to improve ocular surface health, and treat various ophthalmic conditions employing their specialized properties.