Prevalance Of Depression, Anxiety, Stress And Its Associated Factors Among Married Women In Rural Areas Of Kolar -A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction:
Mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress are significant public health concerns, particularly among married women in rural India. Socio-economic challenges, cultural norms, and familial responsibilities increase their risk of psychological distress.

The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among rural married women in Kolar and to identify the associated socio-demographic factors.

Materials and methods

A community-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted between July 2023 and December 2024 among 630 married women aged 18–60 in the Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) field practice area of Devarayasamudra, Kolar. Participants were selected using multi-stage random sampling. Data was collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire and the DASS-42 scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0 with Chi-square tests and logistic regression, with a p-value less than 0.05 defined as statistically significant.

Results
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 72.3%, 71.9%, and 61.9%, respectively, among 630 married rural women. Significant associations were found between mental health status and factors such as age, education level, socioeconomic status, and family structure (p<0.05). Older women and individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds exhibited higher prevalence rates.

Conclusion
A significant burden of depression, anxiety, and stress exists among married women in rural Kolar. Socio-demographic factors play a crucial role in influencing mental health. Community-based mental health programs focusing on early detection and socio-economic empowerment are urgently needed.