Association Between Fast Food Consumption And Anaemia Among School-Going Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64252/44cnat41Keywords:
Anaemia, adolescents, fast food, awareness, nutrition, socio-demographic factors, BMI, public healthAbstract
Background: Anaemia remains a major public health concern among adolescents, particularly in developing countries like India. Changing dietary patterns, including increased fast food consumption, and limited awareness about anaemia are contributing to its high prevalence.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between fast food consumption and doctor-diagnosed anaemia among adolescents, and to evaluate the level of anaemia awareness in relation to socio-demographic and anthropometric factors.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 326 school-going adolescents aged 13– 17 years from grades 8 to 12. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic details, fast food consumption, awareness of anaemia, and self-reported anaemia diagnosis. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated using measured height and weight. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, and the Chi-square test was used to assess associations.
Results: A significant association was observed between fast food consumption and anaemia. Among those diagnosed with anaemia, 96.2% consumed fast food, compared to 68.1% of non- anaemic participants (p < 0.001). Awareness of anaemia was reported by only 42.9% of participants. Higher awareness was significantly associated with younger age (13–15 years, p = 0.012), lower class level (8–10, p < 0.001), higher parental education—especially maternal (p < 0.001), and higher family income (p < 0.001). No significant association was found with residence or BMI.
Conclusion: The study highlights a strong association between fast food consumption and anaemia among adolescents and reveals substantial gaps in awareness, particularly among socio- economically disadvantaged groups. Targeted nutritional education and health awareness campaigns, especially involving mothers and schools, are essential to prevent anaemia and promote adolescent health.
