Antihypertensive Efficacy Of Fagopyrum Esculentum Monech Stem Extract: Pharmacogenetic, Phytochemical, And In-Vivo Evaluation

Abstract

The present study evaluates the antihypertensive potential of Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat) stem through an integrative approach encompassing pharmacognostic characterization, phytochemical profiling, and in vivo efficacy tests. Key phytochemical constituents, especially flavonoids (quercetin, rutin), were confirmed via qualitative screening and HPTLC fingerprinting. Two hypertensive rat models – renovascular (2K1C) and glucose-induced – were employed to assess blood pressure and heart rate modulation by the buckwheat stem extract. Treatment with the extract caused systolic blood pressure and heart rate’s significant reduction in comparison to hypertensive controls, in both models. The extract also exhibited strong in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ ~12 µg/mL), surpassing the reference drug captopril. These findings give scientific validation for usingF. esculentumtraditionally in managing hypertension and suggest its potential as a natural antihypertensive agent [1-5].