Footprints On Alpine Trails: Socio-Cultural And Environmental Transformations Among Gujjars And Bakerwals Through Trekking Tourism In Kashmir

Abstract

Trekking tourism has become a significant aspect of adventure tourism in Kashmir, attracting global travelers with its scenic trails and unique experiences. This study provides a sociological analysis of the impact of trekking tourism on the Gujjar and Bakarwal communities, indigenous pastoralist groups that are integral to the region's cultural heritage. Using a descriptive and qualitative approach, the paper explores how trekking tourism contributes to economic opportunities such as employment and entrepreneurship for these communities. The findings of the research reveal that trekking tourism has positively impacted the Gujjar and Bakarwal communities by providing new job opportunities, improving financial stability, and shifting younger generations away from traditional pastoralism. However, concerns exist regarding the erosion of cultural practices and environmental degradation due to increased tourism. The influx of tourists has also led to changes in attire, language, and dietary habits. some benefit, others face inequalities in tourism-related employment. The study emphasizes the need for better government policies to balance tourism growth with community welfare and cultural preservation.