Solar Energy and Gren Energy based Modern Technology and its Roles in Sustainable Environmental Development

Abstract

The rapid growth of global energy demand, coupled with the urgency of mitigating climate change, has intensified the need for sustainable and environmentally friendly energy solutions. Solar energy and other green energy technologies have emerged as critical components in achieving sustainable environmental development by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing energy security, and promoting socio-economic growth. Modern technological innovations such as advanced photovoltaic systems, energy storage solutions, smart grids, and hybrid renewable systems have significantly improved the efficiency, reliability, and accessibility of green energy. This paper critically examines the role of solar and green energy technologies in driving sustainable development goals (SDGs), explores their environmental and economic benefits, and highlights policy and infrastructure challenges that hinder their widespread adoption. The paper also reviews recent technological advancements and strategic policy frameworks that facilitate the integration of renewable energy into national energy systems, ultimately supporting a transition to a low-carbon, resilient, and sustainable future.